Hi,
My
name is Franz Devantier, creator of this blog. I
am an Herbalist, who uses local and indigenous herbs when available, in
preference to imported herbs. Because
Herbalists deal with living human beings, it is important to have an
understanding of Anatomy and Physiology, as well as many other related
subjects,
such as How to grow old gracefully with Stem
Cell Enhancers.
Overview
of Anatomy & Physiology
Anatomy and Physiology help us to understand the Human
Body, and are complimentary sciences to each other. Anatomy is the study of the structure of body
parts, and their relationship to each other.
Physiology is the study of the function of the different body parts, and
how they work together to carry out their life-sustaining activities. Physiology is explainable in terms of the
underlying Anatomy, so Anatomy and Physiology are two sciences that are married
together, and studied together. The word
Anatomy is derived from the Greek words, which mean “to cut apart”.
Anatomy
Gross or
Macroscopic Anatomy is the study of large
body structures that are visible to the naked eye, such as for example the
Heart, lungs, and liver.
Regional Anatomy is where all the structures including the muscles, bone,
blood vessels, nerves, skin etc, are studied in one particular region of the
body; such as the abdomen or the leg.
Systemic Anatomy the gross anatomy of the body is studied system by system;
for example you would study the Cardio Vascular system, as it occurs throughout
the body.
Surface Anatomy is the study of internal body structures, as they relate
to the overlying skin surface. For
example when you are looking at the bulging muscles of a body builder, you are
using gross surface anatomy. Nurses will
use it to identify the blood vessels to draw blood from.
Microscopic
Anatomy concerns all the structures that
are too small to be seen without the aid of a microscope. For such studies, very thin slices of body
tissues are stained and mounted on slides to be examined under the microscope.
Cellular Anatomy
or cytology studies the body cells.
Histology is the microscopic study of tissues.
Developmental
Anatomy traces structural changes in an
individual from conception through old age.
Embryology concerns only the structural changes that occur before
birth.
Pathological
Anatomy, studies structural changes caused
in the body by disease, and are studied on both Gross and Microscopic levels.
Radiographic
Anatomy, is the study of internal
structures as they are visualized by X-Ray images. Radiology is a valuable diagnostic technique
for bone disorders, tumours, and other conditions that cause anatomical
changes.
Molecular Biology, the structure of biological molecules or chemical
substances are studied. Molecular
Biology is another branch of Biology, but it forms part of the study of Anatomy
on the sub-cellular level, where molecules provide the fundamental links
between structure and function.
The most important tools for studying anatomy are:
·
Observation
·
Manipulation
·
Mastery of Anatomical Terminology
For example, let’s say that you are in a clinical
situation, and you are observing a joint.
Firstly you observe how it looks, and then you move (manipulate)
the joint; through its range of motion, while still continuing to observe. Then you describe what you have learnt
through observation and manipulation with the proper Anatomical Terminology.
Physiology
The most common sub-divisions of physiology consider the
operation of specific organ systems.
Renal Physiology, concerns urine production and kidney function.
Neurophysiology, explains the working of the nervous system.
Cardiovascular
Physiology, examines the function of the heart
and blood vessels.
While Anatomy provides the static image , physiology
reveals the dynamic nature of the workings of the living body. Physiology often focuses on the events at the
cellular or molecular level, because the bodies abilities depend on its individual
cells; the cells abilities depend on the chemical reactions that go on inside
them.
An understanding of physiology also depends on the
principles of physics, which can explain electrical currents, blood pressure,
and the way that muscles uses bones to
cause body movements. Body
functions such as nervous system activity, muscle contraction, digestion, and
etc, become easier to understand in the context of chemistry and physics. Basic chemical and physics principles are
needed in order to understand Physiology properly.
Franz Devantier,
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